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Therapeutic Contact Lenses And Patients' Own Stem Cells Used To Rehabilitate Damaged Eye Surfaces
In a world-first breakthrough, University of New South Wales (UNSW) medical researchers have used stem cells cultured on a simple contact lens to restore sight to sufferers of blinding corneal disease.
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Sleep Apnea Widely Undiagnosed Among Obese Type 2 Diabetics
Sleep apnea has long been known to be associated with obesity. But a new study published in the June issue of Diabetes Care finds that the disorder is widely undiagnosed among obese individuals with type 2 diabetes - nearly 87 percent of participants reported symptoms, but were never diagnosed.
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Genes From Man's Best Friend May Help In The Search For A Cure For Brain Cancer
Pinpointing the genes involved in human brain cancer can be like looking for a needle in a haystack, and sometimes the needle you find may not be the right one. By comparing human and canine genomes, researchers at North Carolina State University have discovered that a gene commonly believed to be involved in meningiomas-tumors that affect the meninges, or thin covering, of the human brain and account for one out of four adult brain tumors -may not be as key for tumor formation as previously thought, and they"ve narrowed the search for the real culprit.
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Special Issue Of Medical Decision Making Explores Bioterrorism And Disaster Preparedness

According to a study in a special issue of Medical Decision Making, a large-scale, covert anthrax attack on a large city would overwhelm hospital res even with an extremely effective public health response, primarily because of expected delays in detecting the attack and initiating a response to it. The article "Predicting Hospital Surge after a Large-Scale Anthrax Attack: A Model-Based Analysis of CDC"s Cities Readiness Initiative Prophylaxis Recommendations," examines one of the CDC"s principal bioterrorism-response programs, the Cities Readiness Initiative (CRI), a program that recommends the medical countermeasures necessary to minimize the hospital surge resulting from anthrax-related illness and response in the first two days after a major bioterrorism attack. The researchers found that a CRI-compliant prophylaxis campaign starting two days after exposure would protect as many as 86% of exposed individuals from illness. However, each additional day needed to complete the campaign would result in as much as 3% more hospitalizations in the exposed population. Unsustainable levels of hospitalizations would result from delays in detecting and initiating response to large-scale, covert aerosol anthrax releases in a major city, even with highly effective mass prophylaxis campaigns. The article, written by Nathaniel Hupert, incorporates some of the latest type of modeling techniques scientists use in the disaster preparedness.field. Such models have become increasingly important to public health officials and hospital administrators. To improve the consistency and quality of these models, the Society for Medical Decision Making convened experts to recommend best practices for modeling the public health response to a terror attack. Their article, also published in the current issue of Medical Decision Making, is entitled * "Recommendations for Modeling Disaster Responses in Public Health and Medicine: A Position Paper of the Society for Medical Decision Making" The authors examined a large selection of published mathematical and simulation health sector disaster response models to generate a set of best practice guidelines. They made several recommendations, including striking the appropriate balance between simplicity and complexity, designing a plan to evaluate the many uncertainties inherent in disaster response, and good model reporting of the disaster response. * "Evaluating the Capability and Cost of a Mass Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Clinic via Computer Simulation" This research set out to determine the best way a clinic could vaccinate as many as 15,000 clients in 17 hours, including such factors as how to best configure the personnel to maximize the number of clients vaccinated; and to estimate the costs and revenue of such an undertaking. The researchers found that it was possible for the clinic to reach its target and that using a computer simulation could help them determine the most efficient use of staff, machinery, supplies, and time. "How hospitals and public health agencies are prepared for an attack--and how they respond to the surge in patients seeking care - will determine our success in containing an attack if one happens." said Mark Helfand, editor of Medical Decision Making. These articles in the July/August issue of Medical Decision Making on "Bioterrorism and Disaster Preparedness" are being made freely available by SAGE for a limited time at: "Predicting Hospital Surge after a Large-Scale Anthrax Attack: A Model-Based Analysis of CDC"s Cities Readiness Initiative Prophylaxis Recommendations" by Nathaniel Hupert, MD, MPH, Daniel Wattson, BS, Jason Cuomo, MPH, Eric Hollingsworth, BS, Kristof Neukermans, BA, MBA, and Wei Xiong, PhD http://mdm.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/29/4/424 "Recommendations for Modeling Disaster Responses in Public Health and Medicine: A Position Paper of the Society for Medical Decision Making" by Margaret L. Brandeau, PhD, Jessica H. McCoy, MS, Nathaniel Hupert, MD, MPH, Jon-Erik Holty, MD, MS, Dena M. Bravata, MD, MS http://mdm.sagepub.com/cgi/rapidpdf/0272989X09340346v1 "Evaluating the Capability and Cost of a Mass Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Clinic via Computer Simulation" by Michael L. Washington, PhD http://mdm.sagepub.com/cgi/rapidpdf/0272989X09333126v1 Jim Gilden SAGE Publications


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